Initiatives:
1. Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA)
2. National River Conservation Plan (NRCP):
- Ganga Action Plan (GAP) Phase - I which was taken up as 100% Centrally funded scheme and aimed at preventing the pollution of river Ganga and to improve its water quality. The plan was started in June 1985.
- GAP Phase - II - The program of river cleaning was extended to other major rivers of the country under two separate schemes of GAP Phase - II and the National River Conservation Plan (NRCP). Yamuna and Gomati Action Plans were approved in April 1993 under Ganga Action Plan Phase - II. Programs of other major rivers were subsequently approved in 1995 under NRCP. After launching of NRCP in 1995, it was decided to merge GAP II with NRCP. A notification of this effect was issued on 5.12.96.
3. National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGBRA)
Function and Power of NGRBA:
The Authority has both regulatory and developmental functions. The Authority will take measures for effective abatement of pollution and conservation of the river Ganga in keeping with sustainable development needs. These include;
- Development of a river basin management plan;
- Regulation of activities aimed at prevention, control and abatement of pollution in Ganga to maintain its water quality, and to take measures relevant to river ecology and management in the Ganga basin states;
- Maintenance of minimum ecological flows in the river Ganga;
- Measures necessary for planning, financing and execution of programmes for abatement of pollution in the river Ganga including augmentation of sewerage infrastructure, catchment area treatment, protection of flood plains, creating public awareness;
- Collection, analysis and dissemination of information relating to environmental pollution in the river Ganga;
- Investigations and research regarding problems of environmental pollution and conservation of the river Ganga;
- Promotion of water conservation practices including recycling and reuse, rain water harvesting, and decentralised sewage treatment systems;
- Monitoring and review of the implementation of various programmes or activities taken up for prevention, control and abatement of pollution in the river Ganga;
- Issue directions under section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for the purpose of exercising and performing these functions and for achievement of its objectives.
4. National Green Tribunal (NGT):
The National Green Tribunal has been established on 18.10.2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multi-disciplinary issues. The Tribunal shall not be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but shall be guided by principles of natural justice.
The Tribunal's dedicated jurisdiction in environmental matters shall provide speedy environmental justice and help reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts. The Tribunal is mandated to make and endeavour for disposal of applications or appeals finally within 6 months of filing of the same. Initially, the NGT is proposed to be set up at five places of sittings and will follow circuit procedure for making itself more accessible. New Delhi is the Principal Place of Sitting of the Tribunal and Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata and Chennai shall be the other 4 place of sitting of the Tribunal.
5. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION MANAGEMENT:
The Capacity Building for Industrial Pollution Management (CBIPM) project will help the Government of India (GoI) to build capacity at the state and central level, and develop a framework to address these issues in a comprehensive and systemic manner under an area-wide management approach. The proposed project is aligned with the endeavor of the GoI to establish a National Program for Rehabilitation of Polluted Sites (NPRPS) as a framework for scaling up the clean up and rehabilitation of polluted sites and facilitate the reduction of environmental and health risks associated with legacy polluted sites.
The project is also expected to build the technical capacity of select SPCBs for undertaking environmentally sound remediation of polluted sites. Ten highly polluted sites, two in Andhra Pradesh (Noor Mohammed Kunta in Hyderabad and municipal dumpsite in Kadapa) and Eight in West Bengal (Dhapa municipal dump site in Kolkata and seven hazardous waste sites in Hooghly district), have been identified for remediation on pilot basis. It is anticipated that a National Plan for rehabilitation of Polluted Sites (NPRPS) and the project will result in environmental benefits i.e. improvement in water and air quality, improved hygienic conditions, health benefits such as reduction in water borne, vector borne diseases and economic benefits i.e. employment generation during rehabilitation and remediation of contaminated sites.
Centre of excellence:
Centre for Environment Education
Centre for Environment Education (CEE) was created in recognition of the importance of environmental education in India's overall environment and development strategy. The result of a unique partnership between government and a non-governmental institution, CEE was established as a Centre of Excellence in 1984 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). CEE now works in the field of environment education and action for a wide range of sectors, target groups and geographical areas.
National Environment Tribunal:
In 1995 the Central Government established the National Environment Tribunal [through the National Environment Tribunal Act 1995] to provide for strict liability for damage arsing out of accidents caused from the handling of hazardous substances.
National Environment Appellate Authority:
The National Environment Appellate Authority (NEAA) was set up by the Ministry of Environment and Forests to address cases in which environment clearances are required in certain restricted areas. It was established by the National Environment Appellate Authority Act 1997 to hear appeals with respect to restriction of areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations or processes shall or shall not be carried out, subject to certain safeguards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The Authority shall become defunct and the Act shall stand repealed upon the enactment of the National Green Tribunal Bill 2009 currently pending in Parliament
Public Liability Insurance:
The main objective of the Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 is to provide for damages to victims of an accident which occurs as a result of handling any hazardous substance. The Act applies to all owners associated with the production or handling of any hazardous chemicals.
CLEARANCES:
Environmental Clearances: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management tool for ensuring the optimal use of natural resources for sustainable development. Environmental Management or planning is the study of the unintended consequences of a project. Its purpose is to identify, examine, assess and evaluate the likely and probable impacts of a proposed project on the environment and, thereby, to work out remedial action plans to minimize adverse impact on the environment.
The Ministry has issued the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006, which makes environmental clearance mandatory for the development activities listed in its schedule.
Forest Clearances:
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 came into force with effect from October 25, 1980. Under the provisions of this Act, prior approval of the Central Government is essential for diversion of forest lands for the non-forestry purposes. In the national interest and in the interest of future generations, this Act, therefore, regulates the diversion of forest lands to non-forestry purposes. The basic objective of the Act is, to regulate the indiscriminate diversion of forest lands for non-forestry uses and to maintain a logical balance between the developmental needs of the country and the conservation of natural heritage.
Genetic Engineering Clearances:
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) is the apex body constituted in the Ministry of Environment and Forests under 'Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989', under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The Rules of 1989 also define five competent authorities i.e. the Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBSC), Review Committee of Genetic Manipulation (RCGM), Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC), State Biotechnology Coordination Committee (SBCC) and District Level Committee (DLC) for handling of various aspects of the rules.
Forest Clearances for proposals received after 31.12.2011
CDM Approvals
1. Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA)
2. National River Conservation Plan (NRCP):
- Ganga Action Plan (GAP) Phase - I which was taken up as 100% Centrally funded scheme and aimed at preventing the pollution of river Ganga and to improve its water quality. The plan was started in June 1985.
- GAP Phase - II - The program of river cleaning was extended to other major rivers of the country under two separate schemes of GAP Phase - II and the National River Conservation Plan (NRCP). Yamuna and Gomati Action Plans were approved in April 1993 under Ganga Action Plan Phase - II. Programs of other major rivers were subsequently approved in 1995 under NRCP. After launching of NRCP in 1995, it was decided to merge GAP II with NRCP. A notification of this effect was issued on 5.12.96.
3. National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGBRA)
Function and Power of NGRBA:
The Authority has both regulatory and developmental functions. The Authority will take measures for effective abatement of pollution and conservation of the river Ganga in keeping with sustainable development needs. These include;
- Development of a river basin management plan;
- Regulation of activities aimed at prevention, control and abatement of pollution in Ganga to maintain its water quality, and to take measures relevant to river ecology and management in the Ganga basin states;
- Maintenance of minimum ecological flows in the river Ganga;
- Measures necessary for planning, financing and execution of programmes for abatement of pollution in the river Ganga including augmentation of sewerage infrastructure, catchment area treatment, protection of flood plains, creating public awareness;
- Collection, analysis and dissemination of information relating to environmental pollution in the river Ganga;
- Investigations and research regarding problems of environmental pollution and conservation of the river Ganga;
- Promotion of water conservation practices including recycling and reuse, rain water harvesting, and decentralised sewage treatment systems;
- Monitoring and review of the implementation of various programmes or activities taken up for prevention, control and abatement of pollution in the river Ganga;
- Issue directions under section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for the purpose of exercising and performing these functions and for achievement of its objectives.
4. National Green Tribunal (NGT):
The National Green Tribunal has been established on 18.10.2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multi-disciplinary issues. The Tribunal shall not be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but shall be guided by principles of natural justice.
The Tribunal's dedicated jurisdiction in environmental matters shall provide speedy environmental justice and help reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts. The Tribunal is mandated to make and endeavour for disposal of applications or appeals finally within 6 months of filing of the same. Initially, the NGT is proposed to be set up at five places of sittings and will follow circuit procedure for making itself more accessible. New Delhi is the Principal Place of Sitting of the Tribunal and Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata and Chennai shall be the other 4 place of sitting of the Tribunal.
5. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION MANAGEMENT:
The Capacity Building for Industrial Pollution Management (CBIPM) project will help the Government of India (GoI) to build capacity at the state and central level, and develop a framework to address these issues in a comprehensive and systemic manner under an area-wide management approach. The proposed project is aligned with the endeavor of the GoI to establish a National Program for Rehabilitation of Polluted Sites (NPRPS) as a framework for scaling up the clean up and rehabilitation of polluted sites and facilitate the reduction of environmental and health risks associated with legacy polluted sites.
The project is also expected to build the technical capacity of select SPCBs for undertaking environmentally sound remediation of polluted sites. Ten highly polluted sites, two in Andhra Pradesh (Noor Mohammed Kunta in Hyderabad and municipal dumpsite in Kadapa) and Eight in West Bengal (Dhapa municipal dump site in Kolkata and seven hazardous waste sites in Hooghly district), have been identified for remediation on pilot basis. It is anticipated that a National Plan for rehabilitation of Polluted Sites (NPRPS) and the project will result in environmental benefits i.e. improvement in water and air quality, improved hygienic conditions, health benefits such as reduction in water borne, vector borne diseases and economic benefits i.e. employment generation during rehabilitation and remediation of contaminated sites.
Centre of excellence:
Centre for Environment Education
Centre for Environment Education (CEE) was created in recognition of the importance of environmental education in India's overall environment and development strategy. The result of a unique partnership between government and a non-governmental institution, CEE was established as a Centre of Excellence in 1984 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). CEE now works in the field of environment education and action for a wide range of sectors, target groups and geographical areas.
National Environment Tribunal:
In 1995 the Central Government established the National Environment Tribunal [through the National Environment Tribunal Act 1995] to provide for strict liability for damage arsing out of accidents caused from the handling of hazardous substances.
National Environment Appellate Authority:
The National Environment Appellate Authority (NEAA) was set up by the Ministry of Environment and Forests to address cases in which environment clearances are required in certain restricted areas. It was established by the National Environment Appellate Authority Act 1997 to hear appeals with respect to restriction of areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations or processes shall or shall not be carried out, subject to certain safeguards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The Authority shall become defunct and the Act shall stand repealed upon the enactment of the National Green Tribunal Bill 2009 currently pending in Parliament
Public Liability Insurance:
The main objective of the Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 is to provide for damages to victims of an accident which occurs as a result of handling any hazardous substance. The Act applies to all owners associated with the production or handling of any hazardous chemicals.
CLEARANCES:
Environmental Clearances: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management tool for ensuring the optimal use of natural resources for sustainable development. Environmental Management or planning is the study of the unintended consequences of a project. Its purpose is to identify, examine, assess and evaluate the likely and probable impacts of a proposed project on the environment and, thereby, to work out remedial action plans to minimize adverse impact on the environment.
The Ministry has issued the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006, which makes environmental clearance mandatory for the development activities listed in its schedule.
Forest Clearances:
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 came into force with effect from October 25, 1980. Under the provisions of this Act, prior approval of the Central Government is essential for diversion of forest lands for the non-forestry purposes. In the national interest and in the interest of future generations, this Act, therefore, regulates the diversion of forest lands to non-forestry purposes. The basic objective of the Act is, to regulate the indiscriminate diversion of forest lands for non-forestry uses and to maintain a logical balance between the developmental needs of the country and the conservation of natural heritage.
Genetic Engineering Clearances:
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) is the apex body constituted in the Ministry of Environment and Forests under 'Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989', under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The Rules of 1989 also define five competent authorities i.e. the Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBSC), Review Committee of Genetic Manipulation (RCGM), Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC), State Biotechnology Coordination Committee (SBCC) and District Level Committee (DLC) for handling of various aspects of the rules.
Forest Clearances for proposals received after 31.12.2011
CDM Approvals
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